The purpose of this study was to examine Queensland teachers’ conceptions of assessment and their relationship to their level of teaching and compared the results to teachers from New Zealand. A questionnaire-based survey of teachers’ attitudes, beliefs and practices in the areas of curriculum, pedagogy and assessment was conducted in 2003. Data revealed that teachers showed a willingness to integrate assessment into their professional duties of improved teaching and learning, tempered with caution about the quality and usefulness of the assessment resources being used to make students and schools accountable.