This historical study looks back at the early years of the social foundations of education program that originated at Teachers College, Columbia University, in the 1930s–1940s, and focuses on the sociopolitical, intellectual, and educational currents that helped bring it about. The study suggests that many of the same rationales that undergirded social studies were applied to social foundations, with the belief that future citizens should be endowed with the capacity to solve contemporary social problems based on the wisdom of the ages, the realities of present-day circumstances, and the tools of critical analysis. In the end, social foundations was essentially a program of social studies for educators: the education school phase of social education writ large.