In 1997, Singapore's Ministry of Education (MOE) committed itself to an ambitious program of pedagogical reform in Singaporean schools in anticipation of the kind of institutional challenges that young Singaporeans were likely to face in the coming decades. Since then, the Ministry has designed and implemented a series of initiatives that will go a considerable distance to achieve its objectives. These initiatives focus on substantial changes in the system of 'instructional governance' in Singapore over the past decade, and efforts to change the pattern of classroom pedagogy. But the authors argue that these initiatives do not go quite far enough to close the gap between policy and practice.