The literature on teacher education shows that historically, teacher education programs have aimed to address diversity with add-on or piecemeal approaches, with little success (McDonald, 2005). Moreover, some authors (e.g. Lortie, 1975) have argued that “the predispositions teacher education students bring to teaching are a much more powerful socializing influence than either pre-service education or later socialization in the workplace” (Johnson, 2002, p. 154). This article investigates research and scholarship in this area.