In this article , the authors sought to determine how instructors are actually assessing student participation, or what leads to the decision to grade or not grade students on their classroom participation. The findings suggest that the majority of instructors across disciplines do incorporate a “participation” factor into students’ final course grades. One impetus for the this study was the desire to identify the circumstances in which students are expected to be “active participants” in their undergraduate courses. This was determined by the percentage of instructors who reported including “participation” among the stated requirements on the course syllabus. However, some differences may be observed by discipline. Instructors of Math and Science courses were found to be less likely to grade participation than their colleagues teaching in other disciplines.