This article examines the change of four novice EFL teachers’ professional identities in the first years of teaching in K-12 schools in China. the findings suggest that (1) novice teachers’ cue-based or exemplar-based imagined identities may change into rule-based or schema-based practiced identities as mediated by the mixed influences of the institutional contexts of school and the dynamic educational contexts; and that (2) the institutional pressures seem to cause the imagined identities to be negatively replaced, but the teacher’s perseverance and agency in seeking opportunities of professional development may ultimately determine the positive evolution of the imagined identities.