This article starts with a brief review of the recent history of teacher research in the UK in order to consider how pre- and in-service teachers are currently positioned in relation to research. Drawing on the case of the Scottish Schools of Ambition, the article identifies some of the challenges and opportunities presented by sponsored research engagement. The article suggests that teacher educators may have an important contribution to make to building capacity through teacher enquiry given their position as mediators between schools and university faculties of education.